(Aloe barbadensis) is a household plant that is known for its hydrating and healing properties. With its anti-inflammatory benefit, it helps to soothe and calm skin irritation.

Calamine is an ingredient that has been widely used for its soothing benefits. It contains zinc oxide and ferric oxide which helps to relieve skin irritation and itchiness, reduce skin oiliness and redness, as well as soothe skin from sunburn.

Co-enzyme Q10 is a naturally occurring antioxidant that is vital for energy production and it can be found in all human body cells including the skin. As we age, the production of Co-enzyme Q10 will decline thus it needs to be replenished. In skincare, Co-enzyme Q10 helps to energize skin cells and reduce the appearance of fine lines.

Grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi) is a natural antioxidant ingredient. With the essential role of helping with exfoliation, this super fruit helps with smoothing out the skin surface for a refine and rejuvenated complexion.

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) test is a natural antioxidant that can help to soothe the skin, reduces sebum, and minimizes signs of aging. Green tea also contains caffeine and tannins, which work by shrinking blood vessels and decreasing puffiness.

Lactic Acid (AHA) is a type of chemical exfoliant that helps to promote gentle exfoliation while protecting the skin's surface with its moisturising benefits. As a result, it will help to improve acne scars, reveal smoother skin, and reduce the appearance of fine lines. When using AHA during the day, it is recommended to apply sunscreen as the ingredient may increase the skin sensitivity to the sun.

Niacinamide or Vitamin B3 is an essential vitamin that may be found in various beauty products. Topical Niacinamide may help to visibly minimise pores, improve uneven skin tone while tackling light pigmentation.

Prebiotics are considered as food for probiotics (good bacteria) including those residing in your skin micro-ecosystem. It helps to maintain a healthy balanced skin microbiome and strengthen the skin's natural barrier or defence system.

Retinol is an active form of Vitamin A that can be found in many over-the-counter anti-aging skincare products. It is capable to penetrate our dermis, the inner skin layer to boost the production of protein fibre hence eliminating the signs of skin aging such as fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation. Besides, its mild exfoliating effects may help to remove dead skin cells and promote skin renewal. For new users, it is advised to gradually introduce retinol to your skin, from lower concentration to high concentration.

Rice Milk (Oryza sativa) is a natural skin-moisturising ingredient that has been used for generations to soften the skin while maintaining the skin barrier. Also known for its soothing properties, this ingredient is perfect for those with dry and sensitive skin.

Salicylic Acid (BHA) is the most common type of beta-hydroxy acid used in skincare products, intended to prevent and clear acne. With its oil-soluble property, it can get deeper into pores to exfoliate dead skin cells and excess sebum. Salicylic Acid is beneficial to those who are dealing with acne, clogged pores, blackheads, whiteheads, or bumpy skin.

Tea Tree Oil is derived from Melaleuca alternifolia. This Australian native plant possesses anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been widely used to tackle pimples, acne, and blemishes.

Vitamin B5 or Panthenol is a deep penetrating moisturising agent that helps to retain skin moisture, leaving it soft, smooth, and supple. It also helps to enhance the skin barrier, soothe the symptoms of skin irritation, and promotes wound healing.

Vitamin C is an antioxidant vitamin that naturally can be found in citrus fruits like orange and lemon. This potent antioxidant has anti-aging properties, thus it can help to inhibit melanin production and stimulate collagen production for brighter and bouncier skin.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant vitamin that naturally can be found in plant or vegetable oils. When applied topically, it can help to nourish, moisturise, and protect our skin from oxidative damage caused by free radicals. As a result, Vitamin E may aid to strengthen the skin barrier function.